General works
Where to start
- Lampe, John R. Yugoslavia as History: Twice There Was a Country. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. The standard single-volume history, covering both Yugoslavias. Start here.
- Djokić, Dejan, ed. Yugoslavism: Histories of a Failed Idea, 1918–1992. London: Hurst, 2003. On the idea itself, which is the thing most accounts assume rather than examine.
- Calic, Marie-Janine. A History of Yugoslavia. Trans. Dona Geyer. West Lafayette: Purdue University Press, 2019. The best recent survey, strong on the economy and on the social history.
- Malcolm, Noel. Bosnia: A Short History. London: Macmillan, 1994. Written during the war, explicitly to demolish the ancient-hatreds thesis. Polemical, well-evidenced, and contested in Serbia.
- Judah, Tim. The Serbs: History, Myth and the Destruction of Yugoslavia. 3rd ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009.
- Tanner, Marcus. Croatia: A Nation Forged in War. 3rd ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2010.
Chapters I–III
The kingdom, the war and the Partisans
- Banac, Ivo. The National Question in Yugoslavia: Origins, History, Politics. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1984. The foundational study of how the first Yugoslavia was assembled and why it did not work.
- Tomasevich, Jozo. War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945. 2 vols. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1975, 2001. The definitive account of the occupation, the Ustaša state and the Chetniks. Two enormous volumes and worth every page.
- Hoare, Marko Attila. Genocide and Resistance in Hitler's Bosnia: The Partisans and the Chetniks, 1941–1943. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
- Ramet, Sabrina P. The Three Yugoslavias: State-Building and Legitimation, 1918–2005. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2006.
- Đilas, Aleksa. The Contested Country: Yugoslav Unity and Communist Revolution, 1919–1953. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1991.
Chapters IV–VII
Tito, self-management and the 1980s
- Đilas, Milovan. The New Class: An Analysis of the Communist System. New York: Praeger, 1957. By the vice-president who became the most famous dissident in the communist world for writing it, and went to prison twice.
- Đilas, Milovan. Wartime. Trans. Michael Petrovich. New York: Harcourt, 1977. The Partisan war from inside the leadership, including Sutjeska.
- Woodward, Susan L. Socialist Unemployment: The Political Economy of Yugoslavia, 1945–1990. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995. The best book on how the economy actually worked and why self-management produced the outcomes it did.
- Rusinow, Dennison. The Yugoslav Experiment, 1948–1974. London: Hurst, 1977. Contemporary, sympathetic and extremely well informed. The best account of the system as its participants understood it.
- Pirjevec, Jože. Tito and His Comrades. Trans. Emily Greble. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2018. The best modern biography, built from newly available archives.
- Ivanović, Vladimir Unkovski-Korica. The Economic Struggle for Power in Tito's Yugoslavia. London: I. B. Tauris, 2016.
Chapters VIII–X
The dissolution and the wars
- Silber, Laura, and Allan Little. The Death of Yugoslavia. London: Penguin/BBC, 1995; rev. 1996. The book of the BBC series, built from interviews with nearly every participant while they were still willing to talk. The single most valuable source on the dissolution.
- Woodward, Susan L. Balkan Tragedy: Chaos and Dissolution after the Cold War. Washington: Brookings, 1995. Argues that international policy and the debt crisis did as much as nationalism. The most serious structural account.
- Glenny, Misha. The Fall of Yugoslavia. 3rd ed. London: Penguin, 1996. Reporting from the ground as it happened.
- Gow, James. The Serbian Project and its Adversaries. London: Hurst, 2003.
- Honig, Jan Willem, and Norbert Both. Srebrenica: Record of a War Crime. London: Penguin, 1996.
- Netherlands Institute for War Documentation (NIOD). Srebrenica: A 'Safe' Area. Amsterdam, 2002. The Dutch official inquiry, which brought down a government. Exhaustive and freely available online.
- Independent International Commission on Kosovo. The Kosovo Report. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. The source of the illegal but legitimate formulation.
- Judah, Tim. Kosovo: What Everyone Needs to Know. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.
Memory
Monuments, nostalgia and after
- Kirn, Gal, and Robert Burghardt. “Yugoslavian Partisan Memorials: Hybrid Memorial Architecture and Objects of Revolutionary Aesthetics.” Various, 2012–. The corrective to the mysterious-concrete-objects reading of the spomeniks.
- Niebyl, Donald. Spomenik Monument Database. London: Fuel, 2018; and spomenikdatabase.org. Several hundred monuments documented with the specific history each one marks. Take it with you on the third route.
- Kempenaers, Jan. Spomenik. Amsterdam: Roma, 2010. The photographs that made them famous, and which are the thing the two entries above are arguing with.
- Volčič, Zala. “Yugo-Nostalgia: Cultural Memory and Media in the Former Yugoslavia.” Critical Studies in Media Communication 24, no. 1 (2007): 21–38.
- Ugrešić, Dubravka. The Culture of Lies. Trans. Celia Hawkesworth. London: Phoenix, 1998. Essays by a Croatian writer driven out of Croatia for refusing the national line. The best writing on what nationalism did to ordinary language.
- Drakulić, Slavenka. They Would Never Hurt a Fly: War Criminals on Trial in The Hague. London: Abacus, 2004.
The record
Primary material
- International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. Case records, judgements and transcripts, 1993–2017. Icty.org. 161 indicted, 90 convicted, and a public evidentiary archive of several million pages. The nearest thing to established fact that this subject has.
- The Death of Yugoslavia. BBC television, 1995. Six parts. The interviews behind the Silber and Little book, with the participants on camera. Available in full online.
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. Memorandum (draft), 1986. The document usually identified as the intellectual charter of Serbian nationalism. Leaked rather than published; read it before accepting anyone's characterisation of it.
- The Constitution of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, 1974. The decentralisation that made the federation ungovernable after Tito, and the autonomy for Kosovo that Milošević revoked in 1989.
- West, Rebecca. Black Lamb and Grey Falcon. London: Macmillan, 1941. Twelve hundred pages of travel writing from 1937, magnificent and deeply partial towards the Serbs. Read it as a period document, not a guidebook.
- Andrić, Ivo. The Bridge on the Drina. Trans. Lovett F. Edwards. London: Allen & Unwin, 1959. The Nobel laureate's novel of four centuries at a bridge in Višegrad. The best single book for understanding what a mixed Bosnian town was.